Apetryl 400 mg (Tablet)

Title

• Apetryl 400 mg Tablet

Categories

• Medicine
• Pharmaceutical
• Antibiotics

Description

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of various diseases such as post-operative infections, septicaemia, bacterial vaginosis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, gingivitis, anaerobic infections, surgical prophylaxis, and more. It is an antibiotic medication that prevents the growth of bacteria and parasites.

Dosage & Administration

• The recommended dosages for different diseases and age groups are provided in the product description. It includes specific doses for trichomoniasis, intestinal amoebiasis, extra-intestinal & asymptomatic amoebiasis, giardiasis, acute ulcerative gingivitis, bacterial vaginosis, leg ulcers and pressure sores, anaerobic infections, and surgical prophylaxis.

Pharmacology

• Metronidazole, the active ingredient, belongs to the imidazole class of antibacterial drugs and is classified therapeutically as an antiprotozoal agent. It interacts with DNA and exhibits bactericidal action.

Interaction

• There are interactions with disulfiram, alcohol, oral anticoagulant therapy, lithium, cyclosporin, phenytoin or phenobarbital, 5-fluorouracil, and busulfan. These interactions may lead to psychotic reactions, potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increased lithium levels, altered cyclosporin and creatinine levels, increased elimination of Apetryl, reduced clearance of 5-fluorouracil, and increased busulfan toxicity.

Contraindications

• Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Metronidazole or other Nitroimidazole derivatives should not use Apetryl.

Side Effects

• Possible side effects include metallic taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, and rashes.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• US FDA Pregnancy Category of Metronidazole is B. Caution is advised during pregnancy and lactation.

Precautions & Warnings

• Hematological tests should be carried out regularly if the medication is administered longer than recommended. Caution is advised in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. It may darken urine.

Use in Special Populations

• Apetryl should be administered with caution to patients with hepatic encephalopathy. In renal impairment, no routine adjustment in the dosage is necessary. In patients undergoing haemodialysis, Apetryl should be re-administered immediately after dialysis.

Overdose Effects

• Symptoms of overdose may include vomiting, ataxia, and slight disorientation. Symptomatic and supportive treatment may be necessary.

Therapeutic Class

• Apetryl belongs to the therapeutic class of amoebicides, anti-diarrhoeal, antiprotozoal agents.

Storage Conditions

• The product should be stored below 30°C, protected from light, and out of the reach of children. It should not be used after the date of expiry.

Commonly Asked Questions

• The product has common questions regarding its uses, side effects, contraindications, safety during pregnancy, recommended dose, and quick tips for usage.

Indications

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of post-operative infections, septicaemia, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, acute ulcerative gingivitis, anaerobic leg ulcers, acute dental infections, antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis, and surgical prophylaxis.

Interaction Disulfiram

• Psychotic reactions have been reported in patients using Apetryl and disulfiram concurrently.

Interaction Alcohol

• Alcoholic beverages and drugs containing alcohol should not be consumed during therapy and for at least one day afterwards because of the possibility of a disulfiram-like reaction.

Interaction Anticoagulant therapy

• Potentiation of the anticoagulant effect and increased hemorrhagic risk caused by decreased hepatic catabolism. Prothrombin time should be more frequently monitored and anticoagulant therapy adjusted during treatment with Apetryl in case of co-administration.

Interaction Lithium

• Plasma levels of lithium may be increased by Apetryl.

Interaction Cyclosporin

• Serum cyclosporin and serum creatinine should be closely monitored when co-administration is necessary.

Interaction Phenytoin or phenobarbital

• Increased elimination of Apetryl resulting in reduced plasma levels.

Interaction 5-Fluorouracil

• Reduced clearance of 5-fluorouracil resulting in increased toxicity.

Interaction Busulfan

• Plasma levels of busulfan may be increased by Apetryl, which may lead to severe toxicity.

Common Questions Apetryl 400mg Tablet

• Apetryl 400 mg Tablet is an antibiotic medication that prevents the growth of bacterias and parasites.

Common Questions Apetryl Uses

• It is used for the treatment and prevention from viral and parasitic infections, as well as bacterial infections such as cold, cough, flu, and vaginal infections.

Common Questions Apetryl Side Effects

• Some side effects may include diarrhoea, headache, weakness, painful urination, trouble sleeping, numbness, muscle weakness, and mouth ulcers.

Common Questions Improvement Of Conditions

• It takes 1 or 2 days before an improvement in health conditions is seen.

Common Questions Apetryl Contraindications

• It should not be used in case of conditions such as hives, flushing, nasal congestion, dryness of the mouth, and fever.

Common Questions Effectiveness Of Higher Dose

• Taking higher than the recommended dose may lead to increased chances of side effects such as diarrhoea, excessive production of urine, headache, nausea, and more.

Common Questions Quick Tips

• Apetryl 400 mg Tablet treats infections caused by bacteria and parasites. It may cause side effects like nausea, stomach upset, and a metallic taste in the mouth. Do not drink alcohol during or for 2-3 days after treatment. Inform your doctor if you have liver disease.

Dosage&Administration Tablet and Suspension

• Specific dosages for trichomoniasis in adults & children over 10 yrs, trichomoniasis in children, intestinal amoebiasis in adults & children over 10 yrs, intestinal amoebiasis in children, extra-intestinal & asymptomatic amoebiasis in adults & children over 10 yrs, extra-intestinal & asymptomatic amoebiasis in children, giardiasis in adults & children over 10 yrs, giardiasis in children, acute ulcerative gingivitis in adults & children over 10 yrs, acute ulcerative gingivitis in children, acute dental infections in adults & children over 10 yrs, bacterial vaginosis in adults & children over 10 yrs, leg ulcers and pressure sores in adults & children over 10 yrs, anaerobic infections in adults & children over 10 yrs, and surgical prophylaxis in adults & children over 10 yrs.

Dosage&Administration Vaginal Gel

• The recommended dose is one applicator full of Metronidazole gel (approximately 5 grams containing approximately 37.5 mg of Metronidazole) intravaginally once or twice a day for 5 days. For once a day dosing, the gel should be administered at bedtime.

Dosage&Administration Suppository

• For anaerobic infections in adults, the dosage is 1 g every 8 hours for 3 days, then 1 g every 12 hours. For children 5-10 years, it's 500 mg every 8 hours for 3 days, then every 12 hours. In surgical prophylaxis, adults should take 1 g 2 hours before surgery, and children (5-10 years) should take 500 mg 2 hours before surgery.

Dosage&Administration IV Infusion

• For adults and children over 12 years, infuse 500 mg 8 hourly at a rate of 5 ml/minute, and a maximum of 4 g should not be exceeded during a 24-hour period. For children under 12 years, the dosage is 7.5 mg/kg body weight/day every 8 hours at a rate of 5 ml/minute.

StorageConditions Storage Info

• Store below 30°C. Keep protected from light. Keep medicines out of the reach of children.

CommonQuestions Apetryl400mg Pregnancy Safety

• Apetryl is not recommended for use in pregnant women unless absolutely necessary.

AncillaryEffect MetallicTaste

• Metallic taste may be observed during treatment.

AncillaryEffect Nausea

• Nausea may be observed during treatment.

AncillaryEffect Vomiting

• Vomiting may be observed during treatment.

AncillaryEffect Diarrhoea

• Diarrhoea may be observed during treatment.

AncillaryEffect Drowsiness

• Drowsiness may be observed during treatment.

AncillaryEffect Rashes

• Rashes may be observed during treatment.

Precautions RegularTests

• Hematological tests, especially leucocyte count, should be carried out regularly if Apetryl must be administered longer than the usually recommended duration.

Precautions NeuropathyMonitoring

• Patients should be monitored for adverse reactions such as peripheral or central neuropathy (such as paresthesia, ataxia, dizziness, convulsive seizures).

UseinSpecialPopulations HepaticImpairment

• Apetryl should be administered with caution to patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The daily dosage should be reduced to one third and may be administered once daily.

UseinSpecialPopulations RenalImpairment

• The elimination half-life of Apetryl remains unchanged in the presence of renal failure. The dosage of Apetryl therefore needs no reduction. Such patients however retain the metabolites of Apetryl. The clinical significance of this is not known at present.

UseinSpecialPopulations Hemodialysis

• In patients undergoing haemodialysis, Apetryl and metabolites are efficiently removed during an eight hour period of dialysis. Apetryl should therefore be re-administered immediately after haemodialysis.

StorageConditions ExpiryDate

• Do not use later than the date of expiry.

Interaction WithOralAnticoagulants

• Potentiation of the anticoagulant effect and increased hemorrhagic risk caused by decreased hepatic catabolism.

CommonQuestions HealthImprovementTimeline

• It takes 1 or 2 days before an improvement in health conditions is seen.

Indication AnaerobicLegUlcers

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of anaerobically infected leg ulcers and pressure sores.

Indication AnaerobicDentalInfections

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of acute dental infections due to anaerobic organisms.

Indication BacterialVaginosis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (also known as non-specific vaginitis).

Indication AntibioticAssociatedColitis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis.

Indication Giardiasis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of Giardiasis.

Indication PostOpInfections

• Apetryl is indicated in the prevention of post-operative infections due to anaerobic bacteria.

Indication Septicemia

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of septicaemia.

Indication Bacteraemia

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of bacteraemia.

Indication Peritonitis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of peritonitis.

Indication BrainAbscess

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of brain abscess.

Indication PelvicAbscess

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of pelvic abscess.

Indication PelvicCellulitis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of pelvic cellulitis.

Indication UrogenitalTrichomoniasis

• Apetryl is indicated in the treatment of urogenital trichomoniasis.

Dosage Suspension ChildrenDoses

• Children 7-10 yrs: 100 mg tid, Children 3-7 yrs: 100 mg bid, Children 1-3 yrs: 50 mg tid.

Dosage Suspension AdultDoses

• 200 mg tid or 400 mg bid for 7 days, 800 mg in the morning and 1-2 gm at night for 2 days, 2 gm as a single dose for 1 day.

Dosage Suppository ChildrenDoses

• In surgical prophylaxis, children 5-10 yrs should take 500 mg 2 hours before surgery, up to 3 further doses may be given every 8 hours for high risk procedures.

Dosage VaginalGel RecommendedDose

• The recommended dose is one applicator full of Metronidazole gel (approximately 5 grams containing approximately 37.5 mg of Metronidazole) intravaginally once or twice a day for 5 days.

PediatricUses InHepaticImpairment

• Apetryl should be administered with caution to patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

PediatricUses InRenalImpairment

• The dosage of Apetryl therefore needs no reduction. Such patients however retain the metabolites of Apetryl.

PediatricUses Hemodialysis

• Apetryl should be re-administered immediately after haemodialysis.

StorageConditions Below30C

• The product should be stored below 30°C.

StorageConditions ProtectedFromLight

• Keep the product protected from light.

StorageConditions KeepOutOfReach

• Keep medicines out of the reach of children.

StorageConditions DoNotUseAfterExpiry

• Do not use later than the date of expiry.

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