Xovir 250 mg/vial (IV Infusion)

250 mg vial: ৳ 401.20

Medicine Details

Category Details
Generic Acyclovir injection
Company Beacon pharmaceuticals plc
Also available as
Xovir 500 mg injection

Indications

  • Treatment of acute clinical manifestations of Herpes simplex virus in immunocompromised patients
  • Treatment of severe primary or non-primary genital herpes in immune competent patients
  • Treatment of Varicella zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patients
  • Treatment of Herpes zoster (shingles) in immune competent patients showing very severe acute local or systemic manifestations of the disease
  • Treatment of Herpes simplex encephalitis

Pharmacology

  • Interferes with DNA synthesis
  • Inhibits viral replication
  • Depends on the intracellular conversion of the drug to Acyclovir Triphosphate
  • Converted to Acyclovir Monophosphate via virus coded thymidine kinase
  • Monophosphate is phosphorylated to diphosphate via cellular guanylate kinase

Dosage

  • 5 mg/kg every 8 hours for Herpes simplex infection in normal or immunocompromised immune status
  • 5 mg/kg every 8 hours for very severe Herpes zoster infection (shingles) in normal immune status
  • 10 mg/kg every 8 hours for Varicella zoster infection in immunocompromised immune status
  • 10 mg/kg every 8 hours for Herpes simplex encephalitis in normal or immunocompromised immune status
  • Each dose should be administered by slow intravenous infusion over a one-hour period

Administration

  • Recommended to be administered for five to seven days in the treatment of most infections
  • Recommended to be administered for at least ten days in the treatment of Herpes simplex encephalitis
  • May be injected directly into a vein over one hour by a controlled-rate infusion pump
  • May be further diluted for administration by infusion
  • Known to be compatible with various infusion fluids

Interaction

  • Co-administration of probenecid with Xovir has been shown to increase the mean Xovir half-life and the area under the concentration time curve
  • Urinary excretion and renal clearance correspondingly reduced
  • In patients over 60 years of age, concurrent use of diuretics increases plasma levels of Xovir significantly

Contraindications

  • Contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to Acyclovir or Valacyclovir

Side Effects

  • Lethargy
  • Obtundation
  • Tremors
  • Confusion
  • Hallucinations
  • Agitation
  • Somnolence
  • Psychosis
  • Convulsions
  • Coma
  • Phlebitis
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Reversible increases in liver-related enzymes
  • Pruritus
  • Urticaria
  • Rashes
  • Increases in blood urea and creatinine
  • Local inflammatory reactions if Xovir IV Infusion is inadvertently infused into extracellular tissues

Pregnancy & Lactation

  • Pregnancy category B
  • No adequate and well controlled studies concerning the safety of Acyclovir in pregnant women
  • Not to be used during pregnancy unless benefits clearly outweigh potential risks to the fetus
  • Should only be administered to nursing mothers if the benefits to the mother outweigh potential risks to the baby
  • No experience of the effect of Acyclovir on human fertility

Precautions & Warnings

  • Intended for intravenous infusion only and should not be used through any other route
  • Reconstituted Xovir IV Infusion has a pH of approximately 11.0 and should not be administered by mouth
  • Must be given over a period of at least one hour to avoid renal tubular damage
  • Must be accompanied by adequate hydration
  • Particular attention should be given to establish sufficient urine flow during the first few hours following infusion
  • Concomitant use of other nephrotoxic drugs, pre-existing renal disease, and dehydration increase the risk of further renal impairment
  • Associated with reversible encephalopathic changes
  • To be used with caution in patients with neurological abnormalities, significant hypoxia, or serious renal, hepatic, or electrolyte abnormalities

Use in Special Populations

  • Dose in children aged 1-12 years should be calculated on the basis of body surface area
  • Immunocompromised children in the specified age group with Varicella zoster virus infection or with Herpes simplex encephalitis should be given Xovir IV Infusion in specified doses
  • Geriatric use requires special attention to dosage reduction
  • Dosage modifications suggested for patients with renal impairment

Overdose Effects

  • Elevations of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen
  • Subsequent renal failure
  • Neurological effects such as confusion, hallucinations, agitation, seizures, and coma
  • Adequate hydration essential to reduce the possibility of crystal formation in the urine
  • Hemodialysis may be considered an option in the management of overdose of Xovir

Therapeutic Class

  • Herpes simplex & Varicella-zoster virus infections

Duration of Treatment

  • Recommended duration of treatment

Reconstitution

  • Reconstitution guidelines for each 250 mg and 500 mg vial of Xovir IV Injection

Storage Conditions

  • Store at 15°C to 25°C
  • Protected from light and moisture
  • Keep the medicine out of the reach of children

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