Xovir 250 mg/vial (IV Infusion)
250 mg vial: ৳ 401.20
Medicine Details
Category | Details |
---|---|
Generic | Acyclovir injection |
Company | Beacon pharmaceuticals plc |
Also available as |
Indications
- Treatment of acute clinical manifestations of Herpes simplex virus in immunocompromised patients
- Treatment of severe primary or non-primary genital herpes in immune competent patients
- Treatment of Varicella zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patients
- Treatment of Herpes zoster (shingles) in immune competent patients showing very severe acute local or systemic manifestations of the disease
- Treatment of Herpes simplex encephalitis
Pharmacology
- Interferes with DNA synthesis
- Inhibits viral replication
- Depends on the intracellular conversion of the drug to Acyclovir Triphosphate
- Converted to Acyclovir Monophosphate via virus coded thymidine kinase
- Monophosphate is phosphorylated to diphosphate via cellular guanylate kinase
Dosage
- 5 mg/kg every 8 hours for Herpes simplex infection in normal or immunocompromised immune status
- 5 mg/kg every 8 hours for very severe Herpes zoster infection (shingles) in normal immune status
- 10 mg/kg every 8 hours for Varicella zoster infection in immunocompromised immune status
- 10 mg/kg every 8 hours for Herpes simplex encephalitis in normal or immunocompromised immune status
- Each dose should be administered by slow intravenous infusion over a one-hour period
Administration
- Recommended to be administered for five to seven days in the treatment of most infections
- Recommended to be administered for at least ten days in the treatment of Herpes simplex encephalitis
- May be injected directly into a vein over one hour by a controlled-rate infusion pump
- May be further diluted for administration by infusion
- Known to be compatible with various infusion fluids
Interaction
- Co-administration of probenecid with Xovir has been shown to increase the mean Xovir half-life and the area under the concentration time curve
- Urinary excretion and renal clearance correspondingly reduced
- In patients over 60 years of age, concurrent use of diuretics increases plasma levels of Xovir significantly
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to Acyclovir or Valacyclovir
Side Effects
- Lethargy
- Obtundation
- Tremors
- Confusion
- Hallucinations
- Agitation
- Somnolence
- Psychosis
- Convulsions
- Coma
- Phlebitis
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Reversible increases in liver-related enzymes
- Pruritus
- Urticaria
- Rashes
- Increases in blood urea and creatinine
- Local inflammatory reactions if Xovir IV Infusion is inadvertently infused into extracellular tissues
Pregnancy & Lactation
- Pregnancy category B
- No adequate and well controlled studies concerning the safety of Acyclovir in pregnant women
- Not to be used during pregnancy unless benefits clearly outweigh potential risks to the fetus
- Should only be administered to nursing mothers if the benefits to the mother outweigh potential risks to the baby
- No experience of the effect of Acyclovir on human fertility
Precautions & Warnings
- Intended for intravenous infusion only and should not be used through any other route
- Reconstituted Xovir IV Infusion has a pH of approximately 11.0 and should not be administered by mouth
- Must be given over a period of at least one hour to avoid renal tubular damage
- Must be accompanied by adequate hydration
- Particular attention should be given to establish sufficient urine flow during the first few hours following infusion
- Concomitant use of other nephrotoxic drugs, pre-existing renal disease, and dehydration increase the risk of further renal impairment
- Associated with reversible encephalopathic changes
- To be used with caution in patients with neurological abnormalities, significant hypoxia, or serious renal, hepatic, or electrolyte abnormalities
Use in Special Populations
- Dose in children aged 1-12 years should be calculated on the basis of body surface area
- Immunocompromised children in the specified age group with Varicella zoster virus infection or with Herpes simplex encephalitis should be given Xovir IV Infusion in specified doses
- Geriatric use requires special attention to dosage reduction
- Dosage modifications suggested for patients with renal impairment
Overdose Effects
- Elevations of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen
- Subsequent renal failure
- Neurological effects such as confusion, hallucinations, agitation, seizures, and coma
- Adequate hydration essential to reduce the possibility of crystal formation in the urine
- Hemodialysis may be considered an option in the management of overdose of Xovir
Therapeutic Class
- Herpes simplex & Varicella-zoster virus infections
Duration of Treatment
- Recommended duration of treatment
Reconstitution
- Reconstitution guidelines for each 250 mg and 500 mg vial of Xovir IV Injection
Storage Conditions
- Store at 15°C to 25°C
- Protected from light and moisture
- Keep the medicine out of the reach of children