Xalanol 0.005%+0.5% (Ophthalmic Solution)

Indications

• Reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP)
• Treatment for open-angle glaucoma
• Treatment for ocular hypertension
• Insufficiently responsive to β-blockers
• Insufficiently responsive to prostaglandins
• Insufficiently responsive to other IOP lowering agents

Active Ingredients

• Latanoprost
• Timolol Maleate

Pharmacology

• Latanoprost is an analogue of prostaglandin F_2α
• Latanoprost increases outflow of aqueous humour
• Timolol is a non-selective adrenergic blocker
• Timolol decreases the formation of aqueous humor by the ciliary epithelium

Dosage & Administration

• Recommended adult dosage is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily

Interaction

• Observation for potential additive effects of β-blockade
• Concomitant use of two topical β-adrenergic blocking agents not recommended
• Potential mydriasis when Timolol is given with epinephrine
• β-blockers may increase hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents
• Precipitation when thimerosal and Benzalkonium chloride are mixed

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to Latanoprost
• Known hypersensitivity to Timolol
• Known hypersensitivity to benzalkonium chloride or any other ingredient in the product
• Reactive airway disease including bronchial asthma
• History of bronchial asthma or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Sinus bradycardia
• Second or third degree atrioventricular block
• Overt cardiac failure
• Cardiogenic shock

Side Effects

• Increased iris pigmentation
• Darkening, thickening, and lengthening of the eye lashes
• Irritation of the eye, including stinging, burning, and itching
• Eye hyperaemia
• Corneal disorders
• Conjunctivitis blepharitis
• Eye pain
• Headache
• Skin rash

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Use during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to fetus
• Latanoprost and its metabolites may pass into breast milk
• Timolol detected in human milk following ocular administration
• Use with caution in nursing women

Precautions & Warnings

• Use with caution in patients with macular edema
• Use with caution in aphakic patients
• Use with caution in pseudophakic patients with a torn posterior lens capsule
• Use with caution in patients with known risk factors for macular edema
• Use with caution in patients subjected to spontaneous hypoglycemia
• Caution for diabetic patients receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents
• Caution for patients wearing contact lenses
• Caution for patients driving and using machines

Overdose Effects

• Symptoms of systemic Timolol overdose are bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, and cardiac arrest
• Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive in case of overdose

Therapeutic Class

• Drugs for miotics and glaucoma

Storage Conditions

• Store at 2-8° C
• For opened bottles, may store below 25° C

Related Brands

• Xalacom 0.005%+0.5% (Ophthalmic Solution) - pfizer