Spirocard 50 mg (Tablet)

Indications

• Congestive heart failure
• Hepatic cirrhosis with ascites and oedema
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Primary hyperaldosteronism
• Essential hypertension
• Treatment of patients with hypokalemia

Description

• Long-acting aldosterone antagonist
• Specific pharmacologic antagonist of aldosterone
• Competitive binding of receptors at aldosterone dependent sodium-potassium exchange site
• Causes increased sodium and water excretion
• Retains potassium and magnesium

Pharmacology

• Acts as a diuretic and antihypertensive drug
• Blocks the actions of aldosterone on gene expression
• Enhances the expression of Na+ K+ ATPase and the Na+ channel

Dosage & Administration

• Initial daily dosage of 100 mg for edema in adults
• Doses of 100 to 400 mg daily for primary hyperaldosteronism
• Initial daily dosage of 50 to 100 mg for essential hypertension in adults
• Dosage ranging from 25 mg to 100 mg daily for treating diuretic-induced hypokalemia

Interaction

• Severe hyperkalemia with ACE inhibitors
• Potentiation of orthostatic hypotension with alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics
• Intensified electrolyte depletion with corticosteroids, ACTH
• Reduced renal clearance of lithium when taken with diuretic agents
• Increased half-life of digoxin

Contraindications

• Acute renal insufficiency
• Significant impairment of renal function
• Anuria
• Hyperkalaemia
• Sensitivity to Spironolactone

Side Effects

• Gynaecomastia
• GI symptoms including cramping and diarrhea
• Drowsiness
• Lethargy
• Headache
• Urticaria
• Mental confusion
• Impotence
• Irregular menses or amenorrhoea
• Post-menopausal bleeding

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Should not be used during pregnancy
• Active metabolite appears in breast milk

Precautions & Warnings

• Observation for fluid or electrolyte imbalance
• Hyperkalemia may occur in patients with impaired renal function or excessive potassium intake
• Can cause fatal cardiac irregularities

Overdose Effects

• Drowsiness
• Mental confusion
• Dizziness
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting

Therapeutic Class

• Potassium-sparing diuretics
• Aldosterone antagonists

Storage Conditions

• Cool and dry place
• Protected from light
• Keep out of reach of children

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