Xyclon 0.5 mg (Tablet)

Indications

• Treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
• Adjunct in the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (petit mal variant)
• Treatment of akinetic and myoclonic seizures
• Treatment of absence seizures (petit mal) in patients who have not responded to succinimides

Pharmacology

• Exhibits anticonvulsive, sedative, muscle relaxing, and anxiolytic effects
• Enhances GABAergic neurotransmission at inhibitory synapses
• Modulates GABA receptor affinity for neurotransmitter
• Suppresses various types of paroxysmal activity including spike and wave discharge

Dosage & Administration

• Initial adult dose for seizure disorders should not exceed 1.5 mg/day
• Maintenance dosage must be individualized
• Initial adult dose for panic disorder is 0.25 mg
• Pediatric dose: 0.01-0.03 mg/kg/day up to 0.05 mg/kg/day

Interaction

• Does not appear to alter the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin, carbamazepine, or phenobarbital

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
• Clinical or biochemical evidence of significant liver disease
• Acute narrow angle glaucoma

Side Effects

• CNS depression including drowsiness and ataxia
• Behavior problems, abnormal eye movements, coma, tremor, vertigo, confusion
• Psychosis, increased libido, insomnia, hallucinations, increased palpitations

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Potential teratogenic effects
• Potential effects on heartbeat and neonatal respiratory function
• Passes into maternal milk in small amounts

Precautions & Warnings

• May increase the incidence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures
• Concomitant use with valproic acid may produce absence status

Use in Special Populations

• Increased bronchial secretion in infants and small children
• Benzodiazepine effects appear greater in elderly patients
• No dose adjustment required in patients with renal impairment

Overdose Effects

• Common symptoms include drowsiness, ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus
• May lead to areflexia, apnoea, hypotension, and coma

Therapeutic Class

• Adjunct anti-epileptic drugs
• Benzodiazepine hypnotics

Reconstitution

• Requires dilution with water for injection prior to administration
• Can be administered by slow IV injection, IV infusion, or IM route

Storage Conditions

• Keep in a dry place away from light and heat
• Keep out of the reach of children

Chemical Structure

• Molecular Formula: C15H10ClN3O3

Common Questions

• Not used as a sleeping pill
• Need to take as advised by the doctor
• Withdrawal symptoms may include difficulty in sleeping, changes in mood
• Early symptoms of suicidal thoughts and actions should be monitored
• May cause weight gain and weight loss
• Does not affect memory
• Overdose can cause sleepiness, change in speech, confusion
• Combination with certain medications should be avoided
• Various quick tips for usage and precautions

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