Aciphin 1 gm/vial (IM Injection)
Medicine Details
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Generic | Ceftriaxone sodium |
| Company | Aci limited |
| Also available as |
Indications
- Lower respiratory tract infections
- Acute Bacterial Otitis Media
- Skin and skin structure infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Gonorrhea
- Bacterial Septicemia
- Bone and joint infections
- Meningitis
- Prevention of postoperative infections
- Perioperative prophylaxis of infections associated with surgery
Pharmacology
Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic. It has potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Like other cephalosporins and penicillins, Ceftriaxone kills bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Ceftriaxone has a high degree of stability in the presence of beta lactamases. A remarkable feature of Ceftriaxone is its relatively long plasma elimination half-life of about 6 to 9 hours, which makes single or once-daily dosage of the drug appropriate for most patients. Ceftriaxone is not metabolized in the body. About 40-65% of a dose of Ceftriaxone is excreted unchanged in the urine; the remainder is excreted in the bile and ultimately found in the feces as unchanged drug and microbiologically inactive compound. The drug is highly protein bound (95%).
Dosage
- Usual dose for adults: 1 to 2 gm by intravenous or intramuscular administration once a day (or in equally divided doses twice a day)
- Maximum dose for adults: 4 gm/day
- Usual dose for infants and children: 50 to 75 mg/kg intravenous or intramuscular administration once a day (or in equally divided doses twice a day)
- Maximum dose for infants and children: 2 gm/day
- Duration of therapy: Continue for more than 2 days after signs and symptoms of infection have disappeared. Usual duration is 4 to 14 days; in complicated infections, longer therapy may be required
Administration
- Intramuscular Injection preparation: 250 mg or 500 mg Ceftriaxone should be dissolved in Lidocaine HCI 1% injection
- Intravenous Injection preparation: 250 mg or 500 mg Ceftriaxone should be dissolved in Water for injection
Interaction
No drug interactions reported
Contraindications
Ceftriaxone should not be given to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics
Side Effects
- Gastro-intestinal effects including diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, stomatitis and glossitis
- Cutaneous reactions including rash, pruritus, urticaria, edema and erythema multiforme
- Hematologic reactions including eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, anemia and neutropenia
- Hepatic reactions including elevations of SGOT or SGPT, bilirubinemia
- CNS reactions including nervousness, confusion, sleep disturbances, headache, hyperactivity, convulsion, hypertonia and dizziness
- Local phlebitis occurs rarely following intravenous administration but can be minimized by slow injections over 2-4 minutes
Pregnancy & Lactation
Its safety in human pregnancy has not been established. Low concentrations of Ceftriaxone are excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when Ceftriaxone is administered to a lactating mother
Precautions & Warnings
- Anaphylactic shock cannot be ruled out even if a thorough patient history is taken
- Shadows suggesting sludge have been detected by sonograms of the gallbladder
- Blood picture should be checked at regular intervals during prolonged treatment
Use in Special Populations
Aciphin must not be given to neonates if the neonate is premature and newborn (up to 28 days of age)
Overdose Effects
No specific antidote. Treatment should be symptomatic
Therapeutic Class
Third generation Cephalosporins
Storage Conditions
Vial store in a cool, dry place (below 30°C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children