Exephin 500 mg/vial (IV Injection)
Medicine Details
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Generic | Ceftriaxone sodium |
| Company | Incepta pharmaceuticals ltd |
| Also available as |
Indications
- Lower respiratory tract infections
- Acute Bacterial Otitis Media
- Skin and skin structure infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Gonorrhea
- Bacterial Septicemia
- Bone and joint infections
- Meningitis
- Prevention of postoperative infections
- Perioperative prophylaxis of infections associated with surgery
Pharmacology
Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic with potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. It kills bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, and has a high degree of stability in the presence of beta lactamases. Ceftriaxone has a relatively long plasma elimination half-life of about 6 to 9 hours, and is highly protein bound (95%).
Dosage
- Adult: 1 to 2 gm by intravenous or intramuscular administration once a day (or in equally divided doses twice a day)
- Infants and Children (01 month or older): 50 to 75 mg/kg intravenous or intramuscular administration once a day (or in equally divided doses twice a day)
- Duration of therapy: Continue for more than 2 days after signs and symptoms of infection have disappeared. Usual duration is 4 to 14 days; in complicated infections, longer therapy may be required.
Administration
- Preparation of Solutions for Intramuscular / Intravenous Injections
- Injection should be administered over 2-4 minutes, by Intramuscular or Intravenous injection or by tubing infusion over a period of 30 minutes at concentration between 10 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL
- Patient tolerance test should be checked by administration of a test dose before starting treatment through Ceftriaxone injection
Interaction
No drug interactions reported
Contraindications
Ceftriaxone should not be given to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics
Side Effects
- Gastro-intestinal effects including diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, stomatitis and glossitis
- Cutaneous reactions including rash, pruritus, urticaria, edema and erythema multiforme
- Hematologic reactions including eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, anemia and neutropenia
- Hepatic reactions including elevations of SGOT or SGPT, bilirubinemia
- CNS reactions including nervousness, confusion, sleep disturbances, headache, hyperactivity, convulsion, hypertonia and dizziness
- Local phlebitis occurs rarely following intravenous administration
Pregnancy & Lactation
Safety in human pregnancy not established. Caution should be exercised when Ceftriaxone is administered to a lactating mother
Precautions & Warnings
- Anaphylactic shock cannot be ruled out, immediate countermeasures such as intravenous epinephrine followed by a glucocorticoid may be required
- Shadows suggesting sludge in the gallbladder may be detected by sonograms, conservative, nonsurgical management is recommended
- Blood picture should be checked at regular intervals during prolonged treatment
Use in Special Populations
Exephin must not be given to neonates if the neonate is premature and newborn (up to 28 days of age)
Overdose Effects
No specific antidote. Treatment of overdosage should be symptomatic
Therapeutic Class
Third generation Cephalosporins
Storage Conditions
Vial should be stored in a cool, dry place (below 30°C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.