Sodium Thiosulfate
Generic Details
Generic Name
Sodium Thiosulfate
Other Names
- Thiosulfuric Acid, Disodium Salt
- Na2S2O3
Drug Class
- Antidote
Chemical Formula
Na2S2O3
Molecular Weight
158.11 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Sodium thiosulfate works as an antidote for cyanide poisoning by forming nontoxic thiocyanate through the action of rhodanese enzyme.
Indications
- Cyanide poisoning treatment
- Calciphylaxis
- Photographic processing
- Chlorine burn treatment
Common Dosage Forms
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 12.5 grams (50 mL of 25% solution) intravenously over 10-20 minutes for cyanide poisoning
Pediatric Dosage
- As directed by a healthcare provider
Geriatric Dosage
- Dose adjustments may be required, consult a healthcare provider
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Sweating
- Hypersensitivity reactions
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to sodium thiosulfate
Pregnancy Category
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Compatible - Safe to use during breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- No significant drug interactions reported
Overdose Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Metabolic acidosis
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive care and monitoring
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature (20-25°C)
- Protect from light
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed after intravenous administration
- Distribution: Distributes widely in the body, including in tissues
- Metabolism: Metabolized to thiosulfate and sulfite
- Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine
Precautions
- Monitor for signs of hypersensitivity reactions during administration
Warnings
- Should be administered under medical supervision for cyanide poisoning
Others
- Sodium thiosulfate can be used in combination with nitrites in the treatment of cyanide poisoning.