Baclofen
Generic Details
Generic Name
Baclofen
Other Names
- Lioresal
- Gablofen
- Kemstro
Drug Class
- Muscle Relaxant
- GABA Receptor Agonist
Chemical Formula
C10H12ClNO2
Molecular Weight
213.66 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Activates GABA receptors in the spinal cord, inhibiting the transmission of signals from spinal cord nerves to muscles, resulting in muscle relaxation.
Indications
- Spasticity (muscle stiffness/spasm) associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 5-20 mg three times a day, gradually increased as needed
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosing based on weight and severity of condition, typically starting at lower end and adjusted cautiously
Geriatric Dosage
- Lower initial doses to account for reduced liver/kidney function and increased sensitivity
Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Weakness
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Headache
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to baclofen
- History of stroke
- Severe psychiatric conditions
Pregnancy Category
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available, caution advised
Drug Interactions
- Alcohol
- CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines)
- Antihypertensives
Overdose Symptoms
- Severe drowsiness
- Respiratory depression
- Hypotension
- Coma
Antidote for Overdose
- Activated charcoal
- Laxatives
- Supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed orally
- Distribution: Crosses the blood-brain barrier, widely distributed in the body
- Metabolism: Primarily hepatic
- Excretion: Mainly renally excreted
Precautions
- May cause sedation, use caution when driving or operating machinery
- Abrupt withdrawal may result in hallucinations or seizures
Warnings
- May cause CNS depression, use with caution in elderly
Others
- Regular monitoring of liver and renal function recommended during long-term use