Tigecycline

Generic Details

Generic Name

Tigecycline

Other Names

  • Tygacil

Drug Class

  • Glycylcycline antibiotic

Chemical Formula

C29H39N5O8

Molecular Weight

585.65 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit

Indications

  • Complicated skin and skin structure infections
  • Complicated intra-abdominal infections
  • Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia

Common Dosage Forms

  • IV powder for solution

Typical Dosage

  • 100 mg IV as a single dose, followed by 50 mg IV every 12 hrs

Pediatric Dosage

  • Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dose adjustment based on renal function may be required

Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Increased liver enzymes

Contraindications

  • Known hypersensitivity to tigecycline or other tetracyclines

Pregnancy Category

  • D

Lactation Safety

  • Use caution; excretion in human milk unknown

Drug Interactions

  • May interact with warfarin, oral contraceptives, and digoxin; monitor closely

Overdose Symptoms

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Pancreatitis

Antidote for Overdose

  • No specific antidote; manage symptomatically

Storage Conditions

  • Store at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C)

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well-absorbed after IV administration
  • Distribution: Widely distributed
  • Metabolism: Metabolized to inactive metabolites
  • Excretion: Primarily excreted in feces

Precautions

  • Risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
  • Monitor for liver function changes

Warnings

  • Increased risk of mortality compared to other antibiotics for approved indications

Others

  • Tigecycline is reserved for use when other alternatives are not suitable