Tobramycin (Ophthalmic)

Generic Name

Tobramycin-Ophthalmic

Other Names

• Tobrex
• Oftagram
• Tobi Eye Drops

Drug Class

• Aminoglycoside Antibiotic

Chemical Formula

C18H37N5O9

Molecular Weight

467.52 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

• Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit

Indications

• Bacterial eye infections such as conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis

Common Dosage Forms

• Ophthalmic solution
• Ophthalmic ointment

Typical Dosage

• 1 to 2 drops every 4 hours in the affected eye

Pediatric Dosage

• As per healthcare provider's prescription based on weight and age

Geriatric Dosage

• May require lower doses due to age-related decrease in kidney function

Side Effects

• Eye irritation
• Stinging or burning sensation
• Tearing
• Redness of the eye

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics

Pregnancy Category

• Category D - Risk of harm to the fetus, but benefits may outweigh risks in certain situations

Lactation Safety

• Limited data, caution advised

Drug Interactions

• Concomitant use with loop diuretics may increase risk of ototoxicity

Overdose Symptoms

• Severe dizziness
• Trouble breathing
• Muscle weakness

Antidote for Overdose

• Supportive care and symptomatic treatment

Storage Conditions

• Store at room temperature (15-30°C)
• Protect from light and moisture

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Limited systemic absorption after ophthalmic administration
• Distribution: Does not penetrate the intact cornea in significant amounts
• Metabolism: Minimal metabolism
• Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine

Precautions

• Avoid contact lens use during treatment
• Do not touch the dropper tip to prevent contamination

Warnings

• For ophthalmic use only
• Not for injection or oral ingestion

Others

• Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve