Tropicamide

Generic Details

Generic Name

Tropicamide

Other Names

  • Mydriacyl

Drug Class

  • Anticholinergic Agent
  • Mydriatic

Chemical Formula

C17H20N2O2

Molecular Weight

284.35 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the eye, leading to pupil dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of the ciliary muscle (cycloplegia)

Indications

  • Dilation of the pupil for eye examinations or procedures

Common Dosage Forms

  • Eye drops

Typical Dosage

  • One to two drops of 0.5% solution per eye

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustment may be needed based on age and weight

Geriatric Dosage

  • May require lower doses due to increased sensitivity

Side Effects

  • Temporary stinging or burning sensation in the eye, blurred vision, increased intraocular pressure, sensitivity to light

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to tropicamide or similar drugs, angle-closure glaucoma

Pregnancy Category

  • C - Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks

Lactation Safety

  • Safety not established, use with caution

Drug Interactions

  • May interact with other anticholinergic drugs, causing increased side effects

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe dry mouth, urinary retention, confusion, rapid heartbeat

Antidote for Overdose

  • Physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from light and moisture

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Rapid absorption through the eye tissues
  • Distribution: Limited distribution outside the eye
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Mainly excreted in urine

Precautions

  • Avoid contact with soft contact lenses as tropicamide can discolour them

Warnings

  • Do not drive or engage in activities requiring clear vision until effects wear off

Others

  • Tropicamide should be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional