Nitroglycerin (Ointment)

Generic Details

Generic Name

Nitroglycerin Ointment

Other Names

  • Nitro-Bid
  • Nitrol

Drug Class

  • Vasodilator

Chemical Formula

C3H5N3O9

Molecular Weight

227.087 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Nitroglycerin is a prodrug that is converted to nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator, leading to relaxation of smooth muscles and vasodilation.

Indications

  • Angina pectoris
  • Anal fissures
  • Fistulas

Common Dosage Forms

  • 2% ointment

Typical Dosage

  • Apply a pea-sized amount (about 1 inch of ointment) to the affected area up to 3-4 times daily.

Pediatric Dosage

  • Use under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dose adjustment may be required based on individual patient response.

Side Effects

  • Headache
  • Hypotension
  • Dizziness
  • Flushing

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to nitroglycerin
  • Severe anemia
  • Increased intracranial pressure

Pregnancy Category

  • Category C - Safety in pregnancy has not been established; benefit should outweigh potential risks.

Lactation Safety

  • Use with caution; excretion in breast milk unknown.

Drug Interactions

  • Viagra (sildenafil)
  • Blood pressure medications

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe hypotension
  • Cyanide toxicity

Antidote for Overdose

  • Methylene blue
  • Sodium nitrite

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well-absorbed through the skin
  • Distribution: Rapid distribution in tissues
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites
  • Excretion: Primarily excreted in urine

Precautions

  • Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes
  • Do not apply on broken or irritated skin

Warnings

  • May cause severe hypotension
  • Do not abruptly stop therapy

Others

  • Nitroglycerin ointment should be used as directed by a healthcare provider to ensure safe and effective use.