Bismuth Subsalicylate
Generic Details
Generic Name
Bismuth subsalicylate
Other Names
- Pepto-Bismol
- Kaopectate
Drug Class
- Antidiarrheal
- Gastrointestinal Agent
Chemical Formula
C7H5BiO4
Molecular Weight
362.08 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Anti-secretory
- Antimicrobial
- Anti-inflammatory
Indications
- Treatment of diarrhea
- Indigestion
- Heartburn
- Nausea
Common Dosage Forms
- Chewable tablets
- Liquid suspension
Typical Dosage
- 525 mg every 30-60 minutes as needed, up to 4200 mg per day
Pediatric Dosage
- Consult pediatrician for appropriate dosing
Geriatric Dosage
- Dose adjustment may be necessary; consult healthcare provider
Side Effects
- Constipation
- Darkening of the tongue and stools
- Reye's syndrome (rare in children with viral infections)
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salicylates or bismuth
- Children or teenagers with viral infections (risk of Reye's syndrome)
Pregnancy Category
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Compatible; excretion in breast milk is unknown
Drug Interactions
- Aspirin
- Anticoagulants
- Methotrexate
- Tetracyclines
Overdose Symptoms
- Tinnitus
- Diaphoresis
- Hyperventilation
Antidote for Overdose
- Activated charcoal
- Supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption
- Distribution: Not well studied
- Metabolism: Metabolized to bismuth oxide and salicylic acid
- Excretion: Primarily in feces
Precautions
- Avoid prolonged use
- Not recommended for children under 12 without medical advice
Warnings
- Do not use with aspirin-containing products