Adapalene
Generic Details
Generic Name
Adapalene
Other Names
- Differin
Drug Class
- Retinoid
Chemical Formula
C28H28O3
Molecular Weight
412.518 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Adapalene binds to specific retinoic acid nuclear receptors, normalizing the differentiation of follicular epithelial cells.
Indications
- Acne vulgaris
- Comedonal acne
- Mild to moderate inflammatory acne
Common Dosage Forms
- Topical gel
- Topical cream
- Topical solution
Typical Dosage
- Apply a thin layer to the affected area once daily in the evening
Pediatric Dosage
- Use and dosage in children under 12 years should be determined by a healthcare provider.
Geriatric Dosage
- No specific dosage adjustment is necessary for the elderly.
Side Effects
- Dryness
- Redness
- Itching
- Burning sensation
- Peeling
- Photosensitivity
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Adapalene or any components of the product
Pregnancy Category
- Category C - Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans.
Lactation Safety
- Use with caution during breastfeeding as it is not known whether Adapalene can pass into breast milk.
Drug Interactions
- Adapalene may interact with other topical medications or skincare products containing high concentrations of alcohol, astringents, spices, or lime.
Overdose Symptoms
- Excessive redness
- Peeling
- Discomfort
Antidote for Overdose
- Treatment is supportive
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption after topical application
- Distribution: Not well defined
- Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism
- Excretion: Primarily through urine
Precautions
- Avoid contact with eyes, lips, and mucous membranes
- Limit sun exposure and use sun protection
Warnings
- For external use only
- Avoid use on cuts or sunburned skin
Others
- Adapalene may cause initial exacerbation of acne before improvement is seen, which is a normal effect of the medication.