Adefovir Dipivoxil

Generic Details

Generic Name

Adefovir Dipivoxil

Other Names

  • Adefovir Prodrug

Drug Class

  • Antiviral Agent
  • Nucleotide Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

Chemical Formula

C20H32N5O8P

Molecular Weight

501.48 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Inhibits Hepatitis B Virus DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase enzymes

Indications

  • Chronic Hepatitis B infection

Common Dosage Forms

  • Tablet

Typical Dosage

  • 10 mg once daily for chronic hepatitis B

Pediatric Dosage

  • Limited data available; dosing based on weight

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosing adjustment may be needed based on renal function

Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Abdominal pain
  • Fatigue
  • Renal toxicity (long term use)

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to adefovir dipivoxil

Pregnancy Category

  • Category C; potential risk to fetus

Lactation Safety

  • Limited data available; use caution or avoid

Drug Interactions

  • Didanosine, other nephrotoxic drugs

Overdose Symptoms

  • Lactic acidosis
  • Hepatomegaly with steatosis

Antidote for Overdose

  • No specific antidote; manage symptoms and provide supportive care

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Rapidly converted to adefovir in the body
  • Distribution: Distributed widely in body tissues
  • Metabolism: Metabolized to adefovir by esterases in the gut and liver
  • Excretion: Primarily excreted in urine

Precautions

  • Monitor renal function regularly during treatment
  • Avoid in patients with pre-existing renal impairment

Warnings

  • Risk of nephrotoxicity with prolonged use
  • Monitor for signs of lactic acidosis

Others

  • Regular monitoring of HBV DNA levels and liver function tests recommended during therapy