Etanercept
Generic Details
Generic Name
Etanercept
Other Names
- Enbrel
Drug Class
- TNF alpha inhibitor
Chemical Formula
C277H413N75O83S6
Molecular Weight
59694.9 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Etanercept binds to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and blocks its interaction with cell surface TNF receptors, which in turn modulates biological responses mediated by TNF.
Indications
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Plaque psoriasis
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Common Dosage Forms
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 50 mg subcutaneously once weekly or 25 mg subcutaneously twice weekly
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosing based on weight and condition, consult pediatric specialist
Geriatric Dosage
- No specific dosage adjustment needed
Side Effects
- Injection site reactions
- Upper respiratory infections
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Abdominal pain
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to etanercept
- Active infections
- Sepsis
Pregnancy Category
- Category B - Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available, consult healthcare provider
Drug Interactions
- Live vaccines
- Anakinra
- Abatacept
Overdose Symptoms
- No specific symptoms reported
Antidote for Overdose
- No specific antidote, general supportive measures
Storage Conditions
- Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C, protect from light
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Bioavailability is approximately 60%
- Distribution: Etanercept has a volume of distribution of approximately 10-14 L
- Metabolism: Metabolized locally at the site of action
- Excretion: Primarily via the kidneys
Precautions
- Monitor for signs of infection
- Patients with heart failure or demyelinating disease may be at increased risk
Warnings
- Increased risk of infections, including serious infections and reactivation of latent infections