Salbutamol + Ipratropium (Inhaler)

Generic Details

Generic Name

Salbutamol-Ipratropium Inhaler

Other Names

  • Combivent
  • DuoNeb

Drug Class

  • Bronchodilator
  • Anticholinergic

Chemical Formula

Not applicable, combination medication

Molecular Weight

Not applicable, combination medication

Mechanism of Action

  • Salbutamol (albuterol) acts on beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscles, while ipratropium works as an anticholinergic to dilate the airways.

Indications

  • Treatment of bronchospasm in patients with COPD or asthma

Common Dosage Forms

  • Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

Typical Dosage

  • 1-2 inhalations every 4-6 hours as needed

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosing must be individualized based on the child's age, weight, and condition.

Geriatric Dosage

  • May require lower doses due to potential sensitivity to side effects.

Side Effects

  • Common side effects include headache, cough, dry mouth, tremor, dizziness, and palpitations.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to salbutamol, ipratropium, or any component of the formulation.

Pregnancy Category

  • Category C - Risk cannot be ruled out, benefits must outweigh risks

Lactation Safety

  • Caution advised; potential risk of adverse effects in the infant. Use only if clearly needed.

Drug Interactions

  • May interact with other medications that also cause bronchodilation or anticholinergic effects.

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe headache, tremors, chest pain, rapid heart rate

Antidote for Overdose

  • Supportive care and monitoring in a healthcare facility.

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Absorbed through the lungs after inhalation.
  • Distribution: Distributed systemically to target tissues.
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
  • Excretion: Excreted primarily in the urine.

Precautions

  • Patients with cardiovascular disorders should use with caution due to potential cardiovascular effects.

Warnings

  • Not a rescue inhaler, should not be used for acute respiratory distress.

Others

  • It is important to instruct patients on the proper inhalation technique for optimal drug delivery.