Carvedilol

Generic Details

Generic Name

Carvedilol

Other Names

  • Coreg
  • Dilatrend

Drug Class

  • Beta-blocker
  • Alpha-1 blocker

Chemical Formula

C24H26N2O4

Molecular Weight

406.47 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Blocks beta-1, beta-2, and alpha-1-adrenergic receptors

Indications

  • Hypertension
  • Heart failure
  • Left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction

Common Dosage Forms

  • Tablet

Typical Dosage

  • Hypertension: 6.25-25 mg BID
  • Heart Failure: 3.125 mg-25 mg BID

Pediatric Dosage

  • Not established

Geriatric Dosage

  • Lower starting dose recommended due to decreased clearance

Side Effects

  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia
  • Dizziness
  • Fatigue
  • Diarrhea
  • Weight gain

Contraindications

  • Uncompensated heart failure
  • Asthma or COPD

Pregnancy Category

  • C

Lactation Safety

  • Lactation not recommended

Drug Interactions

  • Digoxin
  • Verapamil
  • Rifampicin

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe hypotension
  • Bradycardia
  • Cardiac failure

Antidote for Overdose

  • Atropine
  • Glucagon
  • Dobutamine

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
  • Distribution: Highly protein-bound
  • Metabolism: Extensive hepatic metabolism via CYP2D6 and CYP2C9
  • Excretion: Primarily renal excretion

Precautions

  • Monitor blood pressure and heart rate regularly
  • Avoid abrupt discontinuation

Warnings

  • Risk of heart failure exacerbation during initiation or dose titration

Others

  • Carvedilol has antioxidant properties which may provide additional benefits in heart failure management.