Lactic Acid

Generic Name

Lactic Acid

Other Names

• Milk Acid

Drug Class

• Alpha Hydroxy Acid

Chemical Formula

C3H6O3

Molecular Weight

90.08 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

• Exfoliation of the skin by dissolving the bonds between dead skin cells

Indications

• Treatment of acne
• Skin exfoliation
• Hyperpigmentation

Common Dosage Forms

• Topical cream
• Topical solution
• Peels

Typical Dosage

• 2-10% cream or solution applied once daily

Pediatric Dosage

• Not recommended for children under 12 years old

Geriatric Dosage

• Use with caution due to skin thinning and increased sensitivity

Side Effects

• Redness
• Irritation
• Dryness
• Peeling

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to lactic acid
• Broken or sunburned skin

Pregnancy Category

• Category C - Consult healthcare provider before use

Lactation Safety

• Use with caution, avoid application on the breast area

Drug Interactions

• Avoid use with other exfoliating agents
• Consult healthcare provider before using with other topical medications

Overdose Symptoms

• Severe skin irritation
• Increased side effects

Antidote for Overdose

• Discontinue use and rinse off thoroughly with water

Storage Conditions

• Store at room temperature away from light and moisture

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Limited systemic absorption when used topically
• Distribution: Not well defined
• Metabolism: Metabolized locally in the skin
• Excretion: Primarily excreted via the urine

Precautions

• Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes
• Sun protection is essential during treatment

Warnings

• Prolonged use may lead to skin thinning
• Discontinue use if severe irritation occurs

Others

• May increase skin sensitivity to the sun, use sunscreen daily