Ceftazidime Pentahydrate

Generic Details

Generic Name

Ceftazidime-pentahydrate

Other Names

  • Ceftazidime

Drug Class

  • Third-generation cephalosporin

Chemical Formula

C22H32N6O12S2.5H2O

Molecular Weight

658.64 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Ceftazidime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to essential penicillin-binding proteins.

Indications

  • Ceftazidime is indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, septicemia, intra-abdominal infections, and meningitis.

Common Dosage Forms

  • Injection
  • Powder for solution

Typical Dosage

  • 1 to 2 grams every 8 to 12 hours, dose varies based on the type and severity of the infection.

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosage varies based on the weight of the child and the type of infection. Consult a healthcare provider for appropriate dosing.

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with renal impairment.

Side Effects

  • Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, rash, and injection site reactions. Serious side effects may include allergic reactions, kidney problems, and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or beta-lactam antibiotics.

Pregnancy Category

  • C - Use with caution

Lactation Safety

  • Compatible with breastfeeding

Drug Interactions

  • Ceftazidime may interact with aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, and probenecid. Consult a healthcare provider for a complete list of interactions.

Overdose Symptoms

  • Neurotoxicity, encephalopathy

Antidote for Overdose

  • There is no specific antidote, management is supportive

Storage Conditions

  • Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well-absorbed after intramuscular or intravenous administration
  • Distribution: Distributes well into various body tissues and fluids
  • Metabolism: Partially metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine

Precautions

  • Use with caution in patients with renal impairment or a history of seizures.

Warnings

  • Closely monitor for signs of anaphylaxis during the first dose.

Others

  • It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by a healthcare provider even if symptoms improve.