Atropine Sulfate (Ophthalmic)

Generic Details

Generic Name

Atropine Sulfate Ophthalmic

Other Names

  • Atropine Eye Drops

Drug Class

  • Anticholinergic

Chemical Formula

C17H23NO3.H2SO4

Molecular Weight

694.79 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Blocks acetylcholine receptors, inhibits parasympathetic nerve impulses

Indications

  • Mydriasis (pupil dilation)
  • Cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye)

Common Dosage Forms

  • Ophthalmic solution
  • Ophthalmic ointment

Typical Dosage

  • 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s) every 6 hours as needed

Pediatric Dosage

  • To be determined by a healthcare provider

Geriatric Dosage

  • Lower doses may be required due to increased sensitivity

Side Effects

  • Blurred vision
  • Increased intraocular pressure
  • Stinging or burning sensation in the eye

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives

Pregnancy Category

  • C - Risk cannot be ruled out

Lactation Safety

  • Generall not recommended, consult healthcare provider

Drug Interactions

  • May interact with other anticholinergic medications

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe dry mouth
  • Flushed, dry skin
  • Confusion
  • Hallucinations

Antidote for Overdose

  • Physostigmine

Storage Conditions

  • Store at controlled room temperature between 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F)

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption after ophthalmic use
  • Distribution: Not well established
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in urine

Precautions

  • Use with caution in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma

Warnings

  • Prolonged use may result in tachyphylaxis (decreased response over time)

Others

  • May cause photosensitivity, avoid bright light after administration