Cetirizine Hydrochloride
Generic Details
Generic Name
Cetirizine Hydrochloride
Other Names
- Cetirizine HCl
Drug Class
- Second-generation antihistamine
Chemical Formula
C21H25ClN2O3
Molecular Weight
388.89 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Selective antagonist of the peripheral H1-receptor
Indications
- Allergic rhinitis
- Chronic urticaria
- Allergic conjunctivitis
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Syrup
- Chewable tablet
Typical Dosage
- 5-10 mg once daily
Pediatric Dosage
- 2.5-5 mg once daily for children aged 6-12 years
Geriatric Dosage
- 5 mg once daily
Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dry mouth
- Fatigue
- Headache
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cetirizine or Hydroxyzine
Pregnancy Category
- Category B - No evidence of risk in humans
Lactation Safety
- Considered compatible with breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- Avoid concomitant use with CNS depressants
Overdose Symptoms
- Extreme drowsiness
- Agitation
- Confusion
Antidote for Overdose
- Symptomatic and supportive treatment
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
- Distribution: Protein binding is low (93%)
- Metabolism: Mainly hepatic metabolism
- Excretion: Excreted in urine (69%) and feces (10%)
Precautions
- Caution in patients with renal impairment
- Use with caution in elderly patients
Warnings
- May cause drowsiness, avoid driving or operating machinery
Others
- May be available over-the-counter