Regular Insulin Human + Isophane Insulin Human

Generic Details

Generic Name

Regular Insulin Human (Isophane Insulin Human)

Other Names

  • NPH Insulin
  • Insulin NPH
  • Isophane Insulin

Drug Class

  • Insulin

Chemical Formula

C257H383N65O77S6

Molecular Weight

5808.8 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Regular Insulin: Binds to insulin receptors and promotes cellular uptake of glucose
  • Isophane Insulin: Slows the absorption of insulin and prolongs its action

Indications

  • Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
  • Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Common Dosage Forms

  • Injection vials
  • Prefilled pens

Typical Dosage

  • Individualized based on patient's needs and blood glucose levels

Pediatric Dosage

  • Determined by pediatric endocrinologist

Geriatric Dosage

  • May require lower doses due to decreased renal function

Side Effects

  • Hypoglycemia
  • Injection site reactions
  • Weight gain

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to insulin
  • Hypoglycemia unawareness

Pregnancy Category

  • B

Lactation Safety

  • Compatible with breastfeeding

Drug Interactions

  • Beta-blockers can mask hypoglycemia symptoms
  • Thiazolidinediones can potentiate insulin effects

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe hypoglycemia
  • Convulsions
  • Coma

Antidote for Overdose

  • Glucose or glucagon administration

Storage Conditions

  • Refrigerate between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C), Do not freeze

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Varies based on injection site and patient factors
  • Distribution: Binds to insulin receptors on cells throughout the body
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver and peripheral tissues
  • Excretion: Primarily renal excretion

Precautions

  • Monitor blood glucose levels regularly
  • Adjust dosage during stress or illness

Warnings

  • Hypoglycemia risk increases with higher doses
  • Do not share insulin pens or needles

Others

  • Always consult a healthcare provider for proper dosing and administration