Chlorhexidine Gluconate + Isopropyl alcohol

Generic Details

Generic Name

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Isopropyl Alcohol

Other Names

  • Chlorhexidine IPA
  • Chlorhexidine Alcohol

Drug Class

  • Antiseptic
  • Disinfectant

Chemical Formula

C22H42Cl2N10·C6H14O

Molecular Weight

897.82 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Chlorhexidine disrupts the bacterial cell membrane leading to cell death
  • Isopropyl alcohol denatures proteins and disrupts cell membranes resulting in bacterial cell death

Indications

  • Preoperative skin preparation
  • Surgical hand scrub
  • Wound cleansing
  • Skin antisepsis

Common Dosage Forms

  • Solution
  • Swab
  • Wipe

Typical Dosage

  • Topical: Applied as directed by healthcare provider

Pediatric Dosage

  • Consult healthcare provider for appropriate dosage in children

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustments may be required, consult healthcare provider

Side Effects

  • Skin irritation
  • Allergic reactions
  • Dryness or cracking of the skin

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine or isopropyl alcohol
  • Do not use on mucous membranes
  • Avoid contact with eyes

Pregnancy Category

  • Category B - Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus but no adequate studies in pregnant women

Lactation Safety

  • Caution advised, excretion in breast milk unknown

Drug Interactions

  • No significant drug interactions reported

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe skin irritation
  • Systemic toxicity if ingested

Antidote for Overdose

  • Treatment is symptomatic and supportive

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature
  • Keep away from heat and direct sunlight
  • Keep out of reach of children

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Chlorhexidine: Minimal absorption through intact skin; Isopropyl alcohol: Well absorbed topically
  • Distribution: Chlorhexidine: Limited distribution; Isopropyl alcohol: Rapid distribution to tissues
  • Metabolism: Chlorhexidine: Minimal metabolism; Isopropyl alcohol: Metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Chlorhexidine: Primarily excreted unchanged in feces; Isopropyl alcohol: Excreted via urine and breath

Precautions

  • Avoid inhaling vapors
  • Avoid use near open flames
  • Do not smoke during application

Warnings

  • For external use only
  • Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes

Others