Ciprofloxacin (Ophthalmic)

Generic Details

Generic Name

Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic

Other Names

  • Ciloxan
  • Cipro

Drug Class

  • Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic

Chemical Formula

C17H18FN3O3

Molecular Weight

331.34 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Inhibition of bacterial DNA replication by targeting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes

Indications

  • Bacterial conjunctivitis
  • Corneal ulcers
  • Blepharitis

Common Dosage Forms

  • Eye drops

Typical Dosage

  • 1 to 2 drops every 2 hours for the first 2 days, then 4 times daily for 5 more days

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosing based on age and weight, to be determined by a healthcare provider

Geriatric Dosage

  • No specific dosage adjustments needed, but caution with systemic absorption

Side Effects

  • Burning or stinging upon application
  • Blurred vision
  • Redness or itching of the eye
  • Dry eyes

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones

Pregnancy Category

  • C - Use with caution

Lactation Safety

  • Compatible, minimal risk for the infant

Drug Interactions

  • May interact with other ophthalmic medications, consult healthcare provider

Overdose Symptoms

  • Unlikely with topical use, however, consult a healthcare provider

Antidote for Overdose

  • No specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic and supportive

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature (15-25°C), protect from light

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption
  • Distribution: Does not penetrate the blood-aqueous or blood-retinal barriers significantly
  • Metabolism: Limited metabolism in the eye
  • Excretion: Primarily eliminated unchanged in the urine

Precautions

  • Avoid contact lens wear during treatment
  • Do not touch dropper tip to avoid contamination

Warnings

  • Not for injection or oral ingestion
  • Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms

Others

  • Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by a healthcare provider