Dexamethasone (Ophthalmic)
Generic Details
Generic Name
Dexamethasone Ophthalmic
Other Names
- Maxidex
- Ozurdex
- Dexacidin
Drug Class
- Corticosteroid
Chemical Formula
C22H29FO5
Molecular Weight
392.46 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid that exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects by binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors.
Indications
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Non-infectious uveitis
- Keratitis
- Post-operative inflammation
Common Dosage Forms
- Ophthalmic suspension
- Ophthalmic ointment
Typical Dosage
- Apply 1 to 2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 4 to 6 hours
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosage adjustment may be needed based on the child's age and weight
Geriatric Dosage
- No specific dosage adjustment necessary
Side Effects
- Blurred vision
- Eye irritation
- Increased intraocular pressure
- Cataract formation with prolonged use
Contraindications
- Viral or fungal infections of the eye
Pregnancy Category
- C - Use with caution
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available, use with caution
Drug Interactions
- No significant drug interactions reported with ophthalmic use
Overdose Symptoms
- Unlikely with ophthalmic use
Antidote for Overdose
- No specific antidote
Storage Conditions
- Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption after ocular administration
- Distribution: Not well characterized
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Mainly renal
Precautions
- Prolonged use may lead to ocular complications
- Monitor for increased intraocular pressure
Warnings
- Do not use if there is an eye infection present