Gatifloxacin + Dexamethasone

Generic Details

Generic Name

Gatifloxacin-Dexamethasone

Other Names

  • Zyxin-D
  • Zylopred

Drug Class

  • Ophthalmic corticosteroid and fluoroquinolone antibiotic combination

Chemical Formula

C19H22F2N4O3 (Gatifloxacin) + C22H29FO5 (Dexamethasone)

Molecular Weight

375.41 g/mol (Gatifloxacin) + 392.47 g/mol (Dexamethasone)

Mechanism of Action

  • Gatifloxacin: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme
  • Dexamethasone: Suppresses inflammation by inhibiting multiple inflammatory cytokines

Indications

  • Bacterial eye infections with inflammation

Common Dosage Forms

  • Ophthalmic solution

Typical Dosage

  • 1-2 drops in the affected eye(s) every 2-4 hours for the first 2 days, then 4 times daily for 5 days

Pediatric Dosage

  • Consult healthcare provider for appropriate dosage

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustments may be necessary; consult healthcare provider

Side Effects

  • Burning or stinging sensation in the eye, blurred vision, dry eyes, increased intraocular pressure, eye discomfort

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to quinolones, corticosteroids, or any component of the formulation

Pregnancy Category

  • C (Gatifloxacin) – Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
  • C (Dexamethasone) – Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Lactation Safety

  • Unknown; use caution or avoid

Drug Interactions

  • Caution with other drugs that can increase intraocular pressure or prolong the QT interval

Overdose Symptoms

  • Exacerbation of side effects

Antidote for Overdose

  • No specific antidote; symptomatic treatment

Storage Conditions

  • Store below 25°C (77°F); protect from light

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Absorbed systemically
  • Distribution: Gatifloxacin: Widely distributed in body tissues, Dexamethasone: Distributes predominantly in body tissues
  • Metabolism: Gatifloxacin: Hepatic metabolism, Dexamethasone: Hepatic metabolism
  • Excretion: Primarily renal excretion for both drugs

Precautions

  • Monitor intraocular pressure during therapy
  • Avoid contact lens wear during treatment

Warnings

  • Prolonged use may result in glaucoma or cataracts formation
  • Not for viral or fungal eye infections

Others

  • Do not touch the dropper tip to the eye or any other surface to prevent contamination