Dexamethasone + Tobramycin

Generic Details

Generic Name

Dexamethasone-Tobramycin

Other Names

    Drug Class

    • Corticosteroid and Aminoglycoside combination

    Chemical Formula

    Molecular Weight

    Mechanism of Action

    • Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory properties. Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with bactericidal activity against susceptible bacteria.

    Indications

    • Ocular inflammation and infection

    Common Dosage Forms

    • Ophthalmic suspension

    Typical Dosage

    • Instill 1 to 2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 4 to 6 hours, or as directed by a healthcare provider

    Pediatric Dosage

    • Safety and efficacy have not been established in pediatric patients

    Geriatric Dosage

    • Dose adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients based on individual response and tolerance

    Side Effects

    • Blurred vision, eye irritation, increased intraocular pressure, hypersensitivity reactions, fungal infection of the cornea

    Contraindications

    • Hypersensitivity to any component of the product, viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva including herpes simplex keratitis, mycobacterial infection of the eye

    Pregnancy Category

    • Category C - Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant the use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

    Lactation Safety

    • Use with caution during breastfeeding as systemic absorption may occur

    Drug Interactions

    • No significant drug interactions reported with ophthalmic administration of dexamethasone-tobramycin

    Overdose Symptoms

    • Prolonged use may result in glaucoma, damage to the optic nerve, visual acuity and field defects, posterior subcapsular cataract formation

    Antidote for Overdose

    • Treatment is supportive and symptomatic

    Storage Conditions

    • Store at controlled room temperature between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F)

    Pharmacokinetics

    • Absorption: Limited systemic absorption through the eye
    • Distribution: Dexamethasone and tobramycin distribute widely in the eye tissues
    • Metabolism: Metabolism occurs locally and systemically
    • Excretion: Excreted in urine (tobramycin), metabolites are eliminated in urine and bile (dexamethasone)

    Precautions

    • Monitor intraocular pressure regularly, discontinue if signs of hypersensitivity occur, do not touch tip of the dropper to avoid contamination

    Warnings

    • Prolonged use may result in glaucoma, cataracts, increased risk of eye infections, delayed wound healing

    Others