Diclofenac Sodium
Generic Details
Generic Name
Diclofenac Sodium
Other Names
- Voltaren
- Cataflam
Drug Class
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
Chemical Formula
C14H10Cl2NNaO2
Molecular Weight
318.13 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) leading to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
Indications
- Pain management
- Inflammation reduction
- Fever reduction
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Capsule
- Gel
- Cream
- Topical solution
Typical Dosage
- 50-150 mg daily in divided doses for adults
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosage varies based on weight and age, to be determined by a healthcare provider
Geriatric Dosage
- Lower initial doses may be recommended in elderly patients
Side Effects
- GI upset
- Ulcers
- Bleeding
- Hypertension
- Kidney toxicity
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to diclofenac
- History of asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs
Pregnancy Category
- Category D - Avoid use in late pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available, caution advised
Drug Interactions
- Warfarin
- Lithium
- ACE Inhibitors
Overdose Symptoms
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- CNS effects
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive measures, gastric lavage
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Rapid and almost complete
- Distribution: Highly bound to plasma proteins
- Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism
- Excretion: Mainly renal excretion of metabolites
Precautions
- Avoid concurrent use of other NSAIDs
- Monitor for signs of GI bleeding or kidney dysfunction
Warnings
- Increased risk of cardiovascular events and GI bleeding
- May cause serious skin reactions
Others
- Diclofenac sodium is available both as a prescription and over-the-counter medication.