Flurazepam

Generic Details

Generic Name

Flurazepam

Other Names

  • Dalmane

Drug Class

  • Benzodiazepine

Chemical Formula

C21H23ClFN3O

Molecular Weight

387.88 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Enhances the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects.

Indications

  • Short-term treatment of insomnia

Common Dosage Forms

  • Oral tablet

Typical Dosage

  • 15-30 mg at bedtime

Pediatric Dosage

    Geriatric Dosage

    • Lower doses may be necessary due to decreased clearance and increased sensitivity

    Side Effects

    • Drowsiness
    • Dizziness
    • Headache
    • Lightheadedness
    • Nausea
    • Hangover effect

    Contraindications

    • Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
    • Severe respiratory insufficiency
    • Sleep apnea syndrome

    Pregnancy Category

    • D - Positive evidence of risk

    Lactation Safety

    • Use with caution

    Drug Interactions

    • Alcohol
    • Other CNS depressants
    • CYP3A4 inhibitors

    Overdose Symptoms

    • Drowsiness
    • Mental confusion
    • Hypotension
    • Respiratory depression
    • Coma

    Antidote for Overdose

    • Flumazenil

    Storage Conditions

    • Store at room temperature away from light and moisture

    Pharmacokinetics

    • Absorption: Rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
    • Distribution: Crosses the placenta and is excreted in breast milk
    • Metabolism: Hepatic via CYP3A4
    • Excretion: Primarily renal

    Precautions

    • History of substance abuse
    • Depression
    • Suicidal ideation
    • Respiratory insufficiency
    • Hepatic impairment

    Warnings

    • Can cause physical and psychological dependence
    • Abrupt discontinuation may result in withdrawal symptoms

    Others

    • Avoid driving or operating machinery until effects are known