Folic Acid
Generic Details
Generic Name
Folic Acid
Other Names
- Vitamin B9
- Folate
Drug Class
- Vitamin
Chemical Formula
C19H19N7O6
Molecular Weight
441.40 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Essential for DNA synthesis and repair
- Required for proper red blood cell formation
Indications
- Treatment of folic acid deficiency anemia
- Prevention of neural tube defects in pregnancy
- Adjunct in the treatment of megaloblastic anemias
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Capsule
- Oral solution
Typical Dosage
- 400-800 mcg daily for adults
Pediatric Dosage
- <1 year: 65 mcg/day
- 1-3 years: 80 mcg/day
- 4-8 years: 130 mcg/day
- 9-13 years: 300 mcg/day
Geriatric Dosage
- Dose adjustments may be needed based on renal function
Side Effects
- Allergic reactions
- Nausea
- Bloating
- Flatulence
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to folic acid or folate derivatives
Pregnancy Category
- A
Lactation Safety
- Generally recognized as safe during breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- Methotrexate - may reduce its efficacy
- Antiepileptic drugs - may reduce serum levels
Overdose Symptoms
- Nausea
- Insomnia
- Irritability
Antidote for Overdose
- Folinic acid (leucovorin)
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed in the small intestine
- Distribution: Distributed widely in body tissues
- Metabolism: Primarily in the liver
- Excretion: Renal excretion of metabolites
Precautions
- Use with caution in patients with epilepsy
- Monitor for Vitamin B12 deficiency
Warnings
- Do not exceed recommended dose
- Prolonged use may mask symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency