Amikacin
Generic Details
Generic Name
Amikacin
Other Names
- Amikin
Drug Class
- Aminoglycoside Antibiotic
Chemical Formula
C22H43N5O13
Molecular Weight
585.61 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit
Indications
- Treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria
Common Dosage Forms
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 15 mg/kg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses
Pediatric Dosage
- 10-15 mg/kg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses
Geriatric Dosage
- May require dosing adjustment based on renal function
Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockade
- Hypersensitivity reactions
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides
- Myasthenia gravis
Pregnancy Category
- D
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available; use with caution
Drug Interactions
- Loop diuretics may increase risk of ototoxicity
- Neuromuscular blockers may enhance neuromuscular blockade
Overdose Symptoms
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
- Seizures
Antidote for Overdose
- None; supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at controlled room temperature 20-25°C (68-77°F)
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Not absorbed orally, must be administered parenterally
- Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues
- Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized
- Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine
Precautions
- Monitor renal function regularly during therapy
- Monitor for signs of ototoxicity
Warnings
- Risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, especially with prolonged use or high doses