Losartan Potassium + Hydrochlorothiazide
Generic Details
Generic Name
Losartan-Potassium-Hydrochlorothiazide
Other Names
- Losartan HCTZ
- Hyzaar
Drug Class
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker
- Thiazide Diuretic
Chemical Formula
C22H22ClKN6O
Molecular Weight
461.01 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Losartan blocks the action of angiotensin II, causing blood vessels to dilate, and hydrochlorothiazide increases urine production to lower blood pressure.
Indications
- Hypertension
- Reduction in risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
Typical Dosage
- One tablet once daily
Pediatric Dosage
- Not established
Geriatric Dosage
- Adjust dose cautiously as needed
Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Hypotension
- Hyperkalemia
- Headache
- Back Pain
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to any component
- Anuria
- Severe hepatic impairment
Pregnancy Category
- D - second and third trimesters
Lactation Safety
- Not recommended due to potential adverse effects
Drug Interactions
- Lithium
- Digoxin
- Potassium-sparing diuretics
- NSAIDs
Overdose Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Electrolyte abnormalities
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from light and moisture
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
- Distribution: Losartan: extensive distribution; Hydrochlorothiazide: penetrates the placental barrier
- Metabolism: Losartan: hepatic via CYP2C9; Hydrochlorothiazide: minimal metabolism
- Excretion: Primarily renal excretion
Precautions
- Renal impairment
- Hepatic impairment
- Electrolyte disturbances
Warnings
- Black Box Warning: Fetal toxicity
Others
- Regular monitoring of blood pressure and electrolytes recommended