Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide

Generic Name

Irbesartan-Hydrochlorothiazide

Other Names

• Avalide

Drug Class

• Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) with Thiazide Diuretic

Chemical Formula

Molecular Weight

Mechanism of Action

• Irbesartan - Blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II; Hydrochlorothiazide - Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules.

Indications

• Hypertension (High blood pressure)

Common Dosage Forms

• Tablet

Typical Dosage

• 150 mg/12.5 mg or 300 mg/12.5 mg once daily

Pediatric Dosage

• Not established

Geriatric Dosage

• Adjust dosage in elderly patients based on renal function

Side Effects

• Dizziness
• Hypotension
• Hyperkalemia
• Hypokalemia
• Headache

Contraindications

• Anuria
• Severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min)
• Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides

Pregnancy Category

• D - Considered unsafe in pregnancy

Lactation Safety

• L3 - Moderately safe while breastfeeding

Drug Interactions

• Lithium - Increased lithium toxicity
• Digoxin - Increased digoxin levels

Overdose Symptoms

• Hypotension
• Bradycardia
• Electrolyte imbalances

Antidote for Overdose

• Supportive care and electrolyte replacement

Storage Conditions

• Store at room temperature away from light and moisture.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Irbesartan - Rapid and complete; Hydrochlorothiazide - Well-absorbed
• Distribution: Irbesartan - Protein-bound; Hydrochlorothiazide - Crosses the placental barrier and is found in breast milk
• Metabolism: Irbesartan - Hepatic via CYP2C9 and CYP3A4; Hydrochlorothiazide - Minimal metabolism
• Excretion: Irbesartan - Renal & fecal; Hydrochlorothiazide - Renal

Precautions

• Renal impairment
• Renal artery stenosis
• Fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Warnings

• Hypotension
• Renal function monitoring during therapy

Others

• May cause photosensitivity