Itraconazole
Generic Details
Generic Name
Itraconazole
Other Names
- Sporanox
Drug Class
- Antifungal
Chemical Formula
C35H38Cl2N8O4
Molecular Weight
705.64 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits ergosterol synthesis in fungal cell membranes
Indications
- Fungal infections such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and onychomycosis
Common Dosage Forms
- Capsules
- Oral solution
Typical Dosage
- 200 mg once daily for 12 weeks for onychomycosis
- 200-400 mg once or twice daily for systemic fungal infections
Pediatric Dosage
- Safety and efficacy not established in children under 18 years
Geriatric Dosage
- Adjust dosage based on renal function
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Rash
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to itraconazole
- Co-administration with certain drugs that may lead to QT prolongation
Pregnancy Category
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Not recommended during breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers
- H2 blockers
- Antacids
- Warfarin
- Digoxin
Overdose Symptoms
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Epigastric pain
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed orally
- Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues
- Metabolism: Hepatic via CYP3A4
- Excretion: Primarily in feces
Precautions
- Monitor liver function tests during treatment
- Avoid in patients with ventricular dysfunction
Warnings
- Risk of hepatotoxicity
- May prolong QT interval