Lactitol Monohydrate
Generic Details
Generic Name
Lactitol monohydrate
Other Names
Drug Class
- Osmotic laxative
Chemical Formula
C₈H₁₈O₉
Molecular Weight
306.22 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Lactitol is a disaccharide sugar alcohol that is not absorbed in the small intestine. It passes into the colon where it is metabolized by the gut bacteria into short-chain fatty acids and gases, resulting in an osmotic effect and stimulating bowel movements.
Indications
- Chronic constipation
- Hepatic encephalopathy
Common Dosage Forms
- Powder
- Solution
Typical Dosage
- 15-30 grams once daily or in divided doses
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosage based on weight and severity of the condition – consult a pediatrician
Geriatric Dosage
- No specific dosage adjustments required
Side Effects
- Flatulence
- Abdominal discomfort
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
Contraindications
- Galactosemia
Pregnancy Category
- Category B - Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Lactation Safety
- Considered safe to use while breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- No significant drug interactions reported
Overdose Symptoms
- Severe diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
Antidote for Overdose
- Discontinue lactitol and provide supportive treatment
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Not absorbed in the small intestine
- Distribution: Not applicable
- Metabolism: Metabolized by gut bacteria into short-chain fatty acids
- Excretion: Via feces
Precautions
- Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance in patients with renal impairment
Warnings
- May cause flatulence and abdominal discomfort especially at higher doses
Others
- Do not use for the treatment of acute constipation. It may take 24-48 hours for the full effect of lactitol to be seen.