Latanoprost + Timolol
Generic Details
Generic Name
Latanoprost-Timolol
Other Names
- Xalacom
- Ganfort
Drug Class
- Prostaglandin Analogue
- Beta-Blocker
Chemical Formula
C26H40O5S
Molecular Weight
432.66 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Latanoprost increases uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor
- Timolol reduces aqueous humor production by the ciliary body
Indications
- Open-angle Glaucoma
- Ocular Hypertension
Common Dosage Forms
- Eye Drops
Typical Dosage
- 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening
Pediatric Dosage
- Safety and efficacy not established in children under 18 years old
Geriatric Dosage
- No dose adjustment needed in elderly patients
Side Effects
- Blurred vision
- Stinging or burning in the eye
- Redness of the eye
- Changes in eyelash growth
- Increased iris pigmentation
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Latanoprost, Timolol, or any component of the formulation
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Pregnancy Category
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Safety not established, use caution or avoid
Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Antiarrhythmic drugs
Overdose Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Bradycardia
- Bronchospasm
Antidote for Overdose
- Symptomatic and supportive treatment
Storage Conditions
- Store between 2-25°C (36-77°F)
- Protect from light
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Latanoprost: absorbed through the cornea; Timolol: systemic absorption following ocular administration
- Distribution: Both drugs distribute into systemic circulation
- Metabolism: Latanoprost: undergoes metabolism in the liver; Timolol: metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Mainly excreted in the urine
Precautions
- History of asthma or COPD
- Contact lens wearers
Warnings
- Potential for changes in pigmentation of the iris and eyelashes
Others
- Regular eye examinations are recommended while using this medication