Levamisole

Generic Details

Generic Name

Levamisole

Other Names

  • Ergamisol

Drug Class

  • Anthelmintic
  • Immunomodulator

Chemical Formula

C11H12N2S

Molecular Weight

204.29 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Immunomodulation by stimulating the immune system
  • Anthelmintic effect by paralyzing the worm

Indications

  • Treatment of parasitic worm infections
  • Adjunctive therapy in colorectal cancer

Common Dosage Forms

  • Tablet
  • Oral solution

Typical Dosage

  • 150 mg to 300 mg orally per day

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosage based on body weight and indication

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustment may be needed based on renal function

Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Flu-like symptoms
  • Agranulocytosis

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to levamisole
  • History of agranulocytosis

Pregnancy Category

  • C - Risk cannot be ruled out

Lactation Safety

  • Limited data available, caution advised

Drug Interactions

  • Immunosuppressive drugs
  • Warfarin
  • Fluorouracil

Overdose Symptoms

  • Severe dizziness
  • Seizures
  • Respiratory depression

Antidote for Overdose

  • Symptomatic and supportive treatment

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
  • Distribution: Widely distributed in the body
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Mainly excreted in the urine

Precautions

  • Monitor for signs of agranulocytosis
  • Caution in patients with renal impairment

Warnings

  • Risk of agranulocytosis
  • Increased risk of infection

Others

  • Levamisole has also been used off-label for its immunomodulatory effects in certain autoimmune conditions.