Levocarnitine
Generic Details
Generic Name
Levocarnitine
Other Names
- L-Carnitine
- L-Carnitine Tartrate
Drug Class
- Amino Acid Derivative
Chemical Formula
C7H15NO3
Molecular Weight
161.20 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Facilitates the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria for energy production
Indications
- Primary and secondary carnitine deficiencies
- Chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis
- Cardiac conditions
- Cognitive impairments
Common Dosage Forms
- Oral solution
- Oral capsules
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 500-2000 mg per day, depending on the condition being treated
Pediatric Dosage
- Consult pediatrician for appropriate dosage
Geriatric Dosage
- May require dosage adjustment based on renal function
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Muscle cramps
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levocarnitine
- Certain types of primary carnitine deficiency
Pregnancy Category
- Category A - controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown a risk to the fetus
Lactation Safety
- Compatible with breastfeeding
Drug Interactions
- Thyroid hormones
- Valproic acid
- Warfarin
Overdose Symptoms
- GI disturbances
- Muscle weakness
- Seizures
Antidote for Overdose
- Discontinue medication and provide supportive care
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
- Distribution: Widely distributed in the body
- Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Excreted in urine
Precautions
- Monitor renal function during long-term therapy
- Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment
Warnings
- May interact with other medications, consult healthcare provider before starting levocarnitine
Others
- May enhance exercise performance in some individuals