Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride
Generic Details
Generic Name
Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride
Other Names
- Xyzal
- Xusal
Drug Class
- Antihistamine
Chemical Formula
C21H25ClN2O3
Molecular Weight
388.89 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Antagonist of histamine H1 receptors
Indications
- Allergic rhinitis
- Chronic idiopathic urticaria
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Oral Solution
Typical Dosage
- 5 mg once daily in the evening
Pediatric Dosage
- 2.5 mg once daily in the evening for children 6-11 years old
Geriatric Dosage
- Use with caution due to decreased kidney function
Side Effects
- Drowsiness
- Dry mouth
- Headache
- Fatigue
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to levocetirizine or any components of the formulation
Pregnancy Category
- Category B - No evidence of risk in humans
Lactation Safety
- Limited data available, caution advised
Drug Interactions
- Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants
Overdose Symptoms
- Extreme drowsiness
- Confusion
- Blurred vision
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive care and symptomatic treatment
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
- Distribution: Widely distributed in the body
- Metabolism: Principally hepatic via CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 enzymes
- Excretion: Mainly through the urine
Precautions
- Use caution in patients with renal impairment
- May cause drowsiness, avoid driving or operating machinery
Warnings
- Do not exceed recommended dosage
Others
- Levocetirizine is the active enantiomer of cetirizine, showing more potent antihistaminic properties