Mecobalamin
Generic Details
Generic Name
Mecobalamin
Other Names
- Methylcobalamin
- MeCbl
- Vitamin B12
Drug Class
- Vitamin B12 supplement
Chemical Formula
C63H91CoN13O14P
Molecular Weight
1344.38 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Mecobalamin serves as a coenzyme in the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, and in the maintenance of myelin in the nervous system.
Indications
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Neurological disorders
- Diabetic neuropathy
Common Dosage Forms
- Oral tablets
- Sublingual tablets
- Injectable solution
Typical Dosage
- 500-1500 mcg per day orally for adults
Pediatric Dosage
- Dosage varies based on weight and age, consult healthcare provider
Geriatric Dosage
- Adjust dosage based on renal function and individual needs
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Headache
- Allergic reactions
- Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cobalt or vitamin B12
Pregnancy Category
- Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy
Lactation Safety
- Commonly prescribed during lactation, consult healthcare provider
Drug Interactions
- May interact with chloramphenicol, proton pump inhibitors, metformin, and anticonvulsants
Overdose Symptoms
- Rare but may include itching, rash, cyanosis, edema, dyspnea, and fever
Antidote for Overdose
- There is no specific antidote for mecobalamin overdose, treatment is symptomatic and supportive
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from light and moisture
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well-absorbed in the GI tract
- Distribution: Distributed widely in the body, including the liver and nervous system
- Metabolism: Primarily metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Excreted in the urine and bile
Precautions
- Monitor for signs of hypokalemia
- Use with caution in patients with renal impairment
Warnings
- In rare cases, may cause anaphylaxis or severe hypersensitivity reactions