Vildagliptin + Metformin Hydrochloride

Generic Details

Generic Name

Vildagliptin-Metformin Hydrochloride

Other Names

  • Vildagliptin and Metformin Combination

Drug Class

  • Antidiabetic Combination

Chemical Formula

Molecular Weight

Mechanism of Action

  • Vildagliptin enhances insulin secretion by inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), while Metformin reduces glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity.

Indications

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Common Dosage Forms

  • Oral tablets

Typical Dosage

  • 50 mg/500 mg, 50 mg/850 mg, 50 mg/1000 mg (Vildagliptin/Metformin) twice daily with meals

Pediatric Dosage

  • Safety and efficacy not established in children

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dose adjustment may be necessary based on renal function

Side Effects

  • Hypoglycemia, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, dizziness, upper respiratory tract infection

Contraindications

  • Renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²), metabolic acidosis, hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or Metformin

Pregnancy Category

  • Vildagliptin - B, Metformin - B

Lactation Safety

  • Metformin is excreted in breast milk, caution advised

Drug Interactions

  • Use with caution when co-administered with drugs that affect renal function or acid-base balance

Overdose Symptoms

  • Hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, gastrointestinal symptoms

Antidote for Overdose

  • Hypoglycemia - Glucose, Lactic acidosis - Bicarbonate

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Vildagliptin - Rapid and complete, Metformin - Slow and incomplete
  • Distribution: Vildagliptin - Widely distributed, Metformin - Limited distribution
  • Metabolism: Vildagliptin - Minimal metabolism, Metformin - Not metabolized
  • Excretion: Vildagliptin - Renal, Metformin - Renal

Precautions

  • Monitor renal function regularly, assess for signs of lactic acidosis

Warnings

  • Risk of lactic acidosis, monitor for signs of hypoglycemia especially in elderly

Others

  • Always consult a healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication.