Neostigmine Methylsulphate
Generic Details
Generic Name
Neostigmine Methylsulfate
Other Names
- Neostigmine Methylnonanoyl Sulfate
Drug Class
- Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Chemical Formula
C13H22N2O6S
Molecular Weight
334.39 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Neostigmine Methylsulfate acts by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, thereby increasing the levels of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. This results in enhanced muscle contractions.
Indications
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Postoperative Paralytic Ileus
- Neuromuscular Blockade Reversal
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablet
- Injection
Typical Dosage
- 15-30 mg orally every 3-4 hours as needed for myasthenia gravis
Pediatric Dosage
- Consult pediatrician for appropriate dosing based on weight and condition
Geriatric Dosage
- Dosage adjustment may be needed; consult healthcare provider
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal cramps
- Diarrhea
- Excessive salivation
- Bradycardia
- Dizziness
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to neostigmine
- Intestinal or urinary tract obstruction
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
Pregnancy Category
- C - Use with caution, benefits may outweigh risks
Lactation Safety
- May excrete into breast milk, use caution
Drug Interactions
- Anticholinergic drugs
- Atropine
- Succinylcholine
Overdose Symptoms
- Excessive salivation
- Muscle weakness
- Respiratory distress
- Bradycardia
Antidote for Overdose
- Atropine
- Pralidoxime
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Well absorbed orally
- Distribution: Distributed widely in the body, including the CNS
- Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Excreted in urine
Precautions
- Caution in patients with urinary or intestinal obstruction
- Monitor for signs of cholinergic crisis
Warnings
- Avoid abrupt discontinuation in myasthenia gravis patients