Nitazoxanide

Generic Details

Generic Name

Nitazoxanide

Other Names

  • Alinia
  • Daxon
  • Annita

Drug Class

  • Antiprotozoal

Chemical Formula

C12H9N3O5S

Molecular Weight

307.28 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Nitazoxanide interferes with the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction which is essential to anaerobic energy metabolism.

Indications

  • Cryptosporidiosis
  • Giardiasis

Common Dosage Forms

  • Tablet
  • Suspension

Typical Dosage

  • 500 mg twice daily for 3 days (cryptosporidiosis)
  • 500 mg once daily for 3 days (giardiasis)

Pediatric Dosage

  • Dosing based on weight and the specific condition being treated. Please consult a healthcare provider for appropriate pediatric dosing.

Geriatric Dosage

  • Dosage adjustment may be necessary based on the individual's renal function. Consult a healthcare provider for appropriate dosing in the elderly.

Side Effects

  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to nitazoxanide or any component of the formulation

Pregnancy Category

  • Category B - Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

Lactation Safety

  • Not recommended during lactation as it is unknown whether the drug is excreted in human milk.

Drug Interactions

  • No significant drug interactions reported with nitazoxanide.

Overdose Symptoms

  • Limited information available; may include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort.

Antidote for Overdose

  • No specific antidote; symptomatic and supportive treatment recommended.

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F). Protect from moisture.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
  • Distribution: Distributed into tissues
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
  • Excretion: Excreted in the feces and urine

Precautions

  • Caution in patients with hepatic impairment or renal dysfunction
  • Monitor for any signs of allergic reactions

Warnings

  • Discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider if any severe reactions occur

Others

  • Nitazoxanide shows activity against a broad range of gastrointestinal parasites.