Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride (Nasal Preparation)
Generic Details
Generic Name
Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Nasal Preparation
Other Names
- Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray
- Oxymetazoline HCl Nasal Solution
Drug Class
- Decongestant
Chemical Formula
C16H24N2O.ClH
Molecular Weight
296.82 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Alpha-adrenergic agonist, vasoconstrictor
Indications
- Nasal congestion
- Sinusitis
- Allergic rhinitis
Common Dosage Forms
- Nasal spray
- Nasal drops
Typical Dosage
- 0.05% solution, 2 sprays in each nostril every 10-12 hours
Pediatric Dosage
- Consult healthcare provider for appropriate dosage
Geriatric Dosage
- Lower initial doses may be recommended for the elderly
Side Effects
- Nasal dryness
- Burning sensation
- Sneezing
- Rebound congestion
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline
- Severe hypertension
- Use of MAO inhibitors
Pregnancy Category
- Category C - Risk cannot be ruled out
Lactation Safety
- Use with caution, minimal excretion in breast milk reported
Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Beta-blockers
Overdose Symptoms
- Severe headache
- Increase in blood pressure
- Tremor
Antidote for Overdose
- Supportive care, symptomatic treatment
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Rapidly absorbed through nasal mucosa
- Distribution: Enters systemic circulation and may cross blood-brain barrier
- Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Excreted in the urine
Precautions
- Do not exceed recommended dosage or duration of use
Warnings
- Do not use for more than 3 consecutive days to avoid rebound congestion
Others
- Do not use in children under 6 years old without medical advice