Paracetamol
Generic Details
Generic Name
Paracetamol
Other Names
- Acetaminophen
Drug Class
- Analgesic
- Antipyretic
Chemical Formula
C8H9NO2
Molecular Weight
151.163 g/mol
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system
Indications
- Pain relief
- Fever reduction
Common Dosage Forms
- Tablets
- Capsules
- Liquid suspension
Typical Dosage
- 500mg-1000mg every 4-6 hours as needed
Pediatric Dosage
- Based on weight and age, consult a healthcare provider
Geriatric Dosage
- Lower doses may be recommended due to decreased renal function
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Liver toxicity (with high doses)
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to paracetamol
- Severe liver disease
Pregnancy Category
- Category B - Safe for use
Lactation Safety
- Considered safe when used in recommended doses
Drug Interactions
- Warfarin (increased risk of bleeding)
- Alcohol (increased risk of liver damage)
Overdose Symptoms
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Jaundice
Antidote for Overdose
- Acetylcysteine
Storage Conditions
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption: Rapid and complete from the gastrointestinal tract
- Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues
- Metabolism: Primarily metabolized in the liver
- Excretion: Excreted in the urine as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates
Precautions
- Avoid exceeding recommended doses
- Monitor liver function with long-term use
Warnings
- Do not take with other products containing paracetamol
- Seek medical help if an overdose is suspected
Others
- One of the most common over-the-counter analgesic medications worldwide