Pefloxacin Mesylate Dihydrate

Generic Details

Generic Name

Pefloxacin Mesylate Dihydrate

Other Names

  • Pefloxacin

Drug Class

  • Quinolone Antibiotic

Chemical Formula

C17H20FN3O3S

Molecular Weight

359.43 g/mol

Mechanism of Action

  • Inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes

Indications

  • Urinary tract infections
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Bone and joint infections

Common Dosage Forms

  • Tablet
  • Injection
  • Oral Suspension

Typical Dosage

  • 400 mg orally every 12 hours

Pediatric Dosage

  • The dosage for children should be determined based on body weight and severity of the infection

Geriatric Dosage

  • Adjust dosage based on renal function due to potential decreased clearance in the elderly

Side Effects

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Photosensitivity

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones
  • History of tendon disorders related to quinolone use

Pregnancy Category

  • Category C - Risk cannot be ruled out

Lactation Safety

  • Limited data available, caution advised

Drug Interactions

  • Avoid concomitant use with multivitamins or mineral supplements containing iron, magnesium, or zinc as they can reduce absorption of pefloxacin

Overdose Symptoms

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Tremors
  • Seizures

Antidote for Overdose

  • Supportive care and symptomatic treatment

Storage Conditions

  • Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Well absorbed after oral administration
  • Distribution: Distributed widely in body tissues
  • Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites
  • Excretion: Excreted primarily in the urine

Precautions

  • Use with caution in patients with history of seizures
  • Monitor for signs of tendonitis and tendon rupture

Warnings

  • Risk of serious adverse effects including tendon rupture and peripheral neuropathy

Others

  • Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight due to increased risk of phototoxicity