Exercises to Avoid After Knee Replacement Surgery

Health Article
What Exercises (or Movements) to Avoid After a Knee Replacement

Exercises to Avoid After Knee Replacement Surgery

Knee joints endure significant stress over the years, often leading to conditions like osteoarthritis and other injuries. Knee replacement surgery, or knee arthroplasty, serves to restore function and alleviate pain by replacing the damaged joint with an artificial one. With over 3.5 million surgeries anticipated annually in the United States by 2030, understanding the proper recovery methods is crucial.

While engaging in rehabilitation exercises is vital for strengthening and flexibility post-surgery, certain movements and activities should be avoided to prevent complications. This article outlines the exercises to steer clear of after a knee replacement.

Movements and Exercises to Avoid

The primary goal of knee replacement surgery is to enable a return to normal activities without discomfort. Although it’s tempting to resume routine exercises swiftly, some movements can hinder recovery.

1. High-Risk Fall Activities

Following a total knee replacement, you may experience reduced strength, range of motion, and balance, increasing the likelihood of falls. A fall can damage the prosthetic joint and impede healing. A 2018 study revealed that 17.2% of participants fell within six months post-surgery, mainly while walking. To minimize fall risks, consider these lifestyle adjustments:

  • Utilizing handrails when navigating stairs
  • Employing rubber mats or shower chairs while bathing
  • Seating yourself when dressing
  • Clearing the floor of tripping hazards like toys and rugs
  • Avoiding slippery surfaces, including mud, ice, and wet grass

2. Extended Sitting Periods

Prolonged sitting can elevate the risk of blood clots, especially within the first two weeks post-surgery. It may also exacerbate swelling by inhibiting fluid drainage. It’s recommended to limit sitting to no more than 45 to 60 minutes at a time during the first week. If extended sitting is necessary, elevate your leg on a chair to help control swelling.

3. Excessive Weight-Bearing

Initially, most individuals will utilize walkers, crutches, or other aids to help with mobility. Surgeons generally advise early weight-bearing and movement, but avoid stairs until your surgeon or physical therapist provides clearance. When you are ready, remember: “the good go up, the bad go down”—lead with your non-surgical leg while ascending and your surgical leg while descending.

4. High-Impact Activities

Running places triple the stress on your knee compared to walking, while jumping significantly increases impact forces. Engaging in running or jumping too soon can impede healing or even damage the implant. Surgeons usually recommend avoiding high-impact activities throughout recovery.

5. Sports Involving Quick Direction Changes

During your recovery phase, it’s advisable to steer clear of contact sports or any activities that encourage twisting movements. Examples of such sports encompass:

  • Soccer
  • Football
  • Rugby
  • Skiing
  • Basketball
  • Hockey
  • Gymnastics

Instead, consider low-impact activities such as cycling, swimming, or golfing, which can help maintain fitness without risking your knee's integrity.

6. Kneeling

Approximately 60-80% of individuals experience difficulty with kneeling following a total knee replacement. While there is no evidence that kneeling shortens the lifespan of the prosthetic, it's advisable to avoid kneeling if it causes discomfort.

Beneficial Exercises for Recovery

The focus of most knee replacement rehabilitation programs is on enhancing range of motion and strengthening the quadriceps. It's crucial to collaborate with your orthopedic surgeon to establish a tailored recovery program.

Immediately Post-Surgery

Simple exercises are recommended before you leave the hospital to encourage knee mobility, including:

  • Knee Straightening: With a rolled towel beneath your heel, contract the muscles above the knee and strive to fully straighten it. Hold for 5 to 10 seconds.
  • Bed-Supported Knee Bends: While lying on your back, slide your foot along the bed toward your buttocks. Hold the bent position for 5 to 10 seconds before straightening your leg again.

Three Months After Surgery

By three months post-surgery, most individuals can resume daily activities and partake in low-intensity exercise options such as:

  • Light weightlifting
  • Swimming
  • Low-impact dancing
  • Golfing

Six Months After Surgery

Six months after your procedure, you may begin to engage in more vigorous activities, including doubles tennis, heavier weight lifting, and more intense dancing. Always check with your surgeon if you have questions about specific activities.

Risks of Overexertion

Engaging in overly intense movements can predispose you to complications such as loosening or fracturing bones around the implant. Overdoing it may also cause increased pain and swelling, hindering your rehabilitation.

Recognizing Overexertion

Signs that you may be pushing your recovery too hard include:

  • Heightened pain levels
  • Swelling in the knee or lower leg
  • Warmth surrounding the knee

If you encounter any of these symptoms, take a break from your activity and apply ice to your knee for 15 to 20 minutes. If symptoms continue, contact your healthcare provider.

Conclusion

Exercise is essential following knee replacement surgery, but being mindful of certain movements and activities is equally important. Stay away from high-fall-risk activities and twisting motions that could jeopardize your healing. When in doubt, consult your healthcare provider for guidance. Remember, taking things slow is often the best approach.